Gallbladder surgery is performed to treat gallbladder disease, which mainly consists of the formation of gallstones in the gallbladder (cholelithiasis). Gallstones cause:
obstruction of the cystic duct leading to severe abdominal pain (biliary colic)
infection or inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis)
blockage of the biliary ducts leading to the duodenum (biliary obstruction)
In each case, removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) is necessary.
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